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Demographic behavior of the members of elite groups in the second half of the 19th century
Zvoníková, Iveta ; Velková, Alice (advisor) ; Slováková, Věra (referee)
Demographic behavior of the members of elite groups in the second half of the 19th century Abstract This presented diploma thesis is a probe into the lives of senior civil servants who worked in Bohemia in the second half of the 19th century. And it was during this period that, along with the overall transformation of society, there was also a change in the reproductive behavior of the population, known as the demographic revolution. The goal of the work was to assess the demographic behavior of this selected elite group as comprehensively as possible, based on a sample of data provided from the database of members of parliament in Czech countries. At the same time, the goal of the work was to find out, based on the analyses, whether the individual aspects of the then ongoing demographic revolution manifested themselves among senior civil servants. Senior civil servants were divided into two groups based on the date of their first marriage, and with the help of basic descriptive statistics and more advanced statistical methods, these groups were then compared to identify differences in demographic behavior. The result of the work was the finding that senior civil servants who had their first marriage in the second examined period were influenced by the demographic revolution taking place at that time from...
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Population Development of Countries after Demographic Revolution
Vítková, Lucie ; Pavlík, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
Lucie Vítková: Populační vývoj zemí po demografické revoluci Abstract The aim of the thesis is an analysis of main features of population development in developed countries and a question whether there is homogeneity of population development. Demographic revolution is a qualitative change from extensive to intensive character of demographic reproduction and it is a subject to modernization. Countries which are understood not only as demographically developed ones but also as economically developed has been taken as an object of this thesis. These countries finished demographic revolution at the latest in the middle of the 20th century. This period has been used as a starting point for most analysis which has been carried out. Demographic reproduction is a process determined by biological and social factors. Human reproduction takes place in relatively stable limits, which lead to its homogenization. The importance of social conditionality has grown during demographic revolution, social aspects are the cause of their development changes and specific features, same social conditions lead to homogenization. Presumption of different features of population development as consequence of different conditions in former Eastern and Western countries has been confirmed not only in individual main demographic indexes...
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Changes in reproductive behaviour in the beginning of the demographic revolution (example of Staňkov)
Bozděch, Lukáš
Changes in reproductive behaviour in the beginning of the demographic revolution (example of Staňkov) Abstract The aim of this study is to analyse reproductive behaviour of population in the Czech lands in the 19th century, a period in which demographic revolution began. The research is based on data from Staňkov, a town in southwestern Bohemia, which, unlike the majority of adjacent region, experienced a substantial industrialization in the 19th century. This resulted in a significant population growth during the analysed period. Family lists were compiled from the registers of births, marriages and deaths using the method of family reconstitution. Nuptiality, marital fertility and infant mortality were the main analysed topics. Population was also divided into groups based on social stratification and these groups were analysed to determine, whether their reproductive behaviour differed from each other. The results from Staňkov were compared to other previously studied localities in the Czech lands. This study revealed that in the 19th century changes in reproductive behaviour within social groups were quite small or negligible. Big changes in nuptiality, fertility or infant mortality in the beginning of demographic revolution can therefore be mainly attributed to the shifts in the social structure of the...
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Demographic revolution in developing countries with a special regards to Africa and Zimbabwe
Muza, Collet ; Pavlík, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Pechholdová, Markéta (referee)
The demographic revolution in developing countries and Africa with special regards to Zimbabwe Abstract This dissertation aimed to examine the demographic revolution in developing countries, Africa and Zimbabwe. The decline of mortality and fertility everywhere in the world demonstrates the importance of the demographic revolution as a global process. While this universality was central to classic revolution theory, for many decades, it was questioned by demographers because fertility and mortality in Africa did not seem to follow the expected pathway. In sub-Saharan Africa the demographic revolution has been characterised by lagging, discontinuation and is occurring at a faster pace against low levels of socioeconomic development than observed in Europe, which has consequences for population dynamics. Questions have emerged if Africa is indeed different and a homogenous continent regarding demographic processes? However, empirical studies that have explored the unique demographic revolution starting from developing countries, Africa and Zimbabwe are lacking. The first part of the thesis on developing countries showed variations in the reaction of fertility to mortality decrease with historically small gaps and extended gaps in more recent revolutions, plus the much faster decrease in vital rates in many...
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Changes in reproductive behaviour in the beginning of the demographic revolution (example of Staňkov)
Bozděch, Lukáš ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Velková, Alice (referee)
Changes in reproductive behaviour in the beginning of the demographic revolution (example of Staňkov) Abstract The aim of this study is to analyse reproductive behaviour of population in the Czech lands in the 19th century, a period in which demographic revolution began. The research is based on data from Staňkov, a town in southwestern Bohemia, which, unlike the majority of adjacent region, experienced a substantial industrialization in the 19th century. This resulted in a significant population growth during the analysed period. Family lists were compiled from the registers of births, marriages and deaths using the method of family reconstitution. Nuptiality, marital fertility and infant mortality were the main analysed topics. Population was also divided into groups based on social stratification and these groups were analysed to determine, whether their reproductive behaviour differed from each other. The results from Staňkov were compared to other previously studied localities in the Czech lands. This study revealed that in the 19th century changes in reproductive behaviour within social groups were quite small or negligible. Big changes in nuptiality, fertility or infant mortality in the beginning of demographic revolution can therefore be mainly attributed to the shifts in the social structure of the...
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Demographic transition, population growth, demographic ageing - interrelations and development contexts at the regional level
Avram, Cristina ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bleha, Branislav (referee) ; Fiala, Tomáš (referee)
Demographic transition, population growth, demographic ageing - interrelations and development contexts at the regional level Abstract This thesis aims to examine how the timing and pace of the demographic transition correlated with the timing and pace of ageing at the regional level in Czechia and also to contribute to understanding the determinants and evolution of demographic transition, specifically mortality and fertility decline, and connect it with the population ageing. It is a common belief that ageing is the result of demographic transition, but there is a limited number of studies that investigate the interrelations between these two processes. The greatest challenge was the difficulty in comparing historical and current data caused by changes in the administrative division during 1868-2017. Thus, the recalculation of data was needed to analyse trends in mortality and fertility. 2011 statistical units at the level of districts were chosen as basic units for analysis. The data recalculation was preceded by the reconstruction of historical districts maps and population data estimation for intercensal periods. Data were recalculated using spatial overlays in GIS software and database processing operations both for population and vital statistics. This step was followed by the data analysis....
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Porodnost a plodnost obyvatelstva Českej republiky , vývoj a prostorová diferencovanost
SAMEK, Jakub
The bachelor thesis deals with the natality and fertility of the population in the Czech Republic. The primary goal of this work is to explain important definitions and concepts relating to reproduction, further to gather statistical data on development of natality and fertility necessary for elaborating the main part of the work. The main goal of the work is to analyse and evaluate the population´s reproduction rate not only in terms of time, but also from the spatial point of view, on the district and regional levels, and partly on the level of administrative districts. Based on the analyses, a typology of regions according to natality and fertility characteristics is made. The chosen indicators used for the analyses are crude birth rate, total fertility rate, non-marital birth and mean age at child birth. The gained results are presented in the form of cartographic out comes, a graph and tables.
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Vývoj a prostorová diferencovanost přirozeného pohybu obyvatelstva světa
PLACHÝ, Bohumír
This thesis deals with the natural movement of the population of the world. Its aim is to analyze and evaluate the natural growth of the population, both in terms of time and in terms of space, at the level of large regions of the world, continents and countries. From the data obtained the aim is to create a typology of countries around the world based on differences in the processes of natural movement of their inhabitants. Selected indicators used to evaluate are the crude birth rate, death rate and natural increase of the population. The results are presented in graphical form, cartographic and tabular outputs.
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Japan-Mexico type of demographic revolution - evaluation of development in Japan and Mexico
Bednářová, Alena ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Japan-Mexico type of demographic revolution - evaluation of development in Japan and Mexico Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate the progress of the demographic revolution in Japan and Mexico using the definition of the Japan-Mexico type demographic revolution, which is defined for the characterization of the process of the demographic revolution in developing countries. The main question of this thesis is whether we can characterize the process of the demographic revolution by the population development of this two countries, namely Japan on one side and Mexico on the other side. Firstly, the work is focused on the definition of the beginning and end of the demographic revolution in developing countries and analysis of its process. In the following part, there is an explanation of the demographic revolution in Japan and Mexico based on the analysis of mortality and fertility and changes in the age structure. In accordance with the given aim the analysis is not performed in the same time period, but in particular stages of the demographic revolution. In conclusion common and different features of the process of the demographic revolution in Japan and Mexico are summarized and so the reasons for designation the process of demographic revolution in developing countries as the "Japan-Mexico" is...
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Population Development of Countries after Demographic Revolution
Vítková, Lucie ; Pavlík, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee) ; Langhamrová, Jitka (referee)
Lucie Vítková: Populační vývoj zemí po demografické revoluci Abstract The aim of the thesis is an analysis of main features of population development in developed countries and a question whether there is homogeneity of population development. Demographic revolution is a qualitative change from extensive to intensive character of demographic reproduction and it is a subject to modernization. Countries which are understood not only as demographically developed ones but also as economically developed has been taken as an object of this thesis. These countries finished demographic revolution at the latest in the middle of the 20th century. This period has been used as a starting point for most analysis which has been carried out. Demographic reproduction is a process determined by biological and social factors. Human reproduction takes place in relatively stable limits, which lead to its homogenization. The importance of social conditionality has grown during demographic revolution, social aspects are the cause of their development changes and specific features, same social conditions lead to homogenization. Presumption of different features of population development as consequence of different conditions in former Eastern and Western countries has been confirmed not only in individual main demographic indexes...
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